Negative Cultural Diversity:  Occurs when individuals and groups regard each other suspiciously creating an unhealthy social dynamic with both dominant and subordinate cultures.

 

Ethnocentrism: The belief that one's culture, people, nation, society, or ways are the best.  Your way is the only way.

 

Stereotyping:  The tendency to atribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics.

 

Sociotyping: an accurate generalization about cultural groups as a whole.

 

Assimilation:  the merging of cultural traits from previously distinct cultural groups, not involving biological amalgamation.

 

acculturation:  the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture; "the socialization of children to the norms of their culture"

 

Deep and Surface cutlure:  surface culture is visible at first glance and deep culture is is perceptible when serious challenges are made to the belief system of an individual. 

 

Ethnocentrism:  Presuming that one's culture, race, ways of life, and nations form the center of the world.

 

high-involvement:  a cultural trait where people have conversational patterns that talk and interrupt more, expect and are not bother by people who interrupt them while speaking, and speak louder and quicket than those individuals from conversationally "high-considerateness cultures.  Cultures such as Russian, Italian, Greek, Spanish, South American, Arab, and African are examples of high-involvement category.

 

High-considerateness:  Conversational patterns are found in the Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and even American cultures.  Individuals from these cultures do not interrupt while others are speaking, listen politely to the speaker, nod, show interest, and make positive sounds that indicate they are paying attnetion to the speaker.

 

Field-dependent:

a psychological trait associated with having an external locus of orientation

 

Field-independent:  suggests that their learning styles may be more analytical and independent

 

VOCABULARY FOR PART VI:

 

Process Writing:  A teaching aproach that breaks down writing into manageable chunks or stages.  Stages are not intended to be sequentially linear, rather, they are evolving processes that cause the writer to move back and forth between stages: Prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, publishing.

 

Observations:  open-ended forms of evaluation of students' performance through creating a mental of physical checklist of things to watch for and observe in a child's performance or behavoir.

 

Language functions:  Spoken language has two main functions:  transactional and interactional.  The primary goal of transactional function of oral language is transference of information and it is message oriented.  The primary goal of interactional spoken language is to maintain social relationships and, therefore, is listener oriented.